What Did Hurricane Katrina Teach Us Essay - 556 Words

Hurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest and costliest hurricanes to hit the United States in decades. The economic losses were extraordinary; however, it was the human losses that stuck Americans at their core. The media brought into our homes graphic images of the destruction of New Orleans. Its mayor had ordered a mandatory evacuation of the city and yet 150,000 citizens are said to have stayed. Like most of the nation I asked myself, â€Å"Well why did they stay? If a mandatory evacuation is issued, it stands to reason that state officials considered the situation to be precarious.† It is only recently, when I’ve seen reports of New Orleans slow rebuilding, that I have really given thought to the undisclosed factors that lead to such†¦show more content†¦I have come to realize that it could very well have been me if my circumstances were similar. That said, I never faulted any individual shown on the media because they were â€Å"looting†; and yes, almost exclusively they were African Americans. Easy to judge when you’re sitting dry and warm in front of the TV with your chips and soda. The reality is that under those circumstances any person would seek comestibles and provisions anywhere possible. Our New Orleans neighbors were not looting they were scavenging. Dare we believe we would act differently? In regards to criticism of government response, the first responders in situation such as this are the local government. They were ill prepared for the magnitude of the damage to the levees, compounded by the large number of individuals unable to evacuate. The Superdome and the Convention Center were designated â€Å"refuges of last result† but it is unlikely that they were part of the city’s refuge network. These two structures were merely big enough to accommodate the amount of citizens that were stranded in the city; hence they were lacking the resources necessary to be effective refuges. Social stratification, inadequate evacuation measures, poor leadership among those coordinating relief efforts, ill conceived and equipped refuges, and delayed action in recruiting county, state and federal reliefShow MoreRelatedHurricane Katrin A World Country1302 Words   |  6 PagesAfter Katrina made landfall, Mississippi and Louisiana looked like a third world country. With over 50 levee failures and numerous levee breaches causing severe flooding in 80% of the city and 180,000 in structural damage the cities were faced with a death toll of 1,300 casualties (Hurricane Katrina Rebuilding). Half the cities were sitting under water, which made it hard for rescue missions, recovery and evacuation organizations to be able to begin the recovery phase. 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Number seven on that list stuck out to me, it says, â€Å"Raise the question of whether men and women are ‘essentially’ different because of biology, or are socially constructed as different†. That question made me think of Esch, isRead MoreHurricane Katrin New Orleans And Mississippi1876 Words   |  8 Pages The United states has had many hurricanes throughout history, though only a few have turned the world upside down and have had mass casualties in it. Although hurricane Katrina hit many areas two of the hardest areas that Katrina hit was New Orleans and Mississippi. On August 23,2005 people living in the Bahamas embraced for a tropical depression that would later turn into what was known as hurricane Katrina. The tropical storm started out with wind s speed as high as 38 miles per hour. Read MoreHurricane Katrin New Orleans And Mississippi1889 Words   |  8 Pages The United States has had many hurricanes throughout history, though only a few have turned the world upside down and have had mass casualties in it. Although hurricane Katrina hit many areas two of the hardest areas that Katrina hit was New Orleans and Mississippi. On August 23,2005 people living in the Bahamas embraced for a tropical depression that would later turn into what was known as hurricane Katrina. The tropical storm started out with wind s speed as high as 38 miles per hour. 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I am also extremely overwhelmed by the devastation and emptiness from the catastrophe. Individuals went weeks without being reunited with family members, shelter, and adequate amounts of food and water. Prior to viewing â€Å"When The Levees Broke†

ANOVA Results - Determining Factors That Influence Other Responses, th Assignment

Essays on ANOVA Results - Determining Factors That Influence Other Responses, the Correlation Coefficient Matrix and Analysis the Values Assignment The paper â€Å"ANOVA Results - Determining Factors That Influence Other Responses, the Correlation Coefficient Matrix and Analysis the Values" is an informative version of an assignment on statistics. Five variables are considered in this test, the â€Å"intent† variable which represents the buying intentions, has a value that ranges from 1 to 10, the value 1 represents extremely unlikely and 10 represents extremely likely. The variable, in this case, is therefore considered as the dependent variable.Fixed factors that are the categorical variables that have a different effect on the dependent variable include â€Å"nonstop† representing a number of stops, the variable â€Å"deep time† which represents the time of departure and the variable â€Å"food drink† which represents in fright food and drinks. The variable â€Å"fare raw† is considered as a covariate variable; this means that â€Å"fare raw† is assumed to have a linear correlation w ith the variable â€Å"intent†. Assumptions are that; the error terms are independent, they are normally distributed with a mean value of zero and their variance remains constant across observations.Descriptive statistics are summarised in appendix 1 and they indicate that there is a difference in mean values across the categories. Appendix 2 indicates the Levene’s test for error term variance equality, the significance value of this test is 0.594, this value is greater than 0.05 the null hypothesis that variances are equal is accepted, therefore the assumptions of this test are not violated.Appendix 3 indicates the ANOVA results, values indicated include the sum of squares and factors partial Eta squared, the table below summarises these results:Partial Eta Squared:The partial Eta value indicates the amount of variation that is accounted for by the variable, it indicates the importance and significance of the variable and from the above: â€Å"fare raw† is of g reat importance because the value is relatively high (0.7477) while â€Å"food drink† is of less importance in the model given that the value is only (0.05).Omega squared:The partial Eta value may be biased when a sample is used and an alternative is the Omega squared value,This value is determined as follows:W squared ={ sum of squares T – [ (k-1)*(MSerror)]}/{sum of squares total + MSerror}the table below summarises the values:SourceType III Sum of SquaresdfMean SquareOmega squarednum stops223.7250421223.7250420.011456765dep time115.0076353338.335878440.005789845food drink32.02051904310.673506350.001525285fare raw1568.470711568.47070.080560836The results indicate that the variable â€Å"foodbank† variable is less important while â€Å"nonstop† and â€Å"fare raw† are important factors in explaining variations in â€Å"intent†.Managerial implications: Implications of these results indicate that buying decisions will be greatly influenced by fares and the number of stops. Another factor that will influence this is the departure time. Food and drinks, however, will have little effect on buying decisions as indicated by the partial Eta squared and omega squared statistics.Multiple regression:Appendix 4 summarises the multiple regression model estimated, according to these results the model is as follows:ParameterBIntercept9.059[numstops=0]1.140[numstops=1]0(a)[deptime=1]-.448[deptime=2].637[deptime=3].377[deptime=4]0(a)[fooddrnk=1]-.460[fooddrnk=2].048[fooddrnk=3].060[fooddrnk=4]0(a)fareraw-.014The model is as follows:Intent = 9.059 + 1.140 numstop0 –0.448 deptime1 + 0.637 deptime2 + 0.377 deptime3 – 0.460 fooddrnk1 + 0.48 fooddrnk2 + 0.060 fooddrnk3 – 0.014 farerawEta squared:Parameter EstimatesDependent Variable: Buying intentionParameterBPartial Eta SquaredNoncent. ParameterObserved Power(a)Intercept9.059.85763.8841.000[numstops=0]1.140.29716.9401.000[numstops=1]0(b)...[deptime=1]-.448.0324.705.99 7[deptime=2].637.0626.6911.000[deptime=3].377.0233.960.977[deptime=4]0(b)...[fooddrnk=1]-.460.0334.826.998[fooddrnk=2].048.000.507.080[fooddrnk=3].060.001.627.096[fooddrnk=4]0(b)...fareraw-.014.74844.8531.000Question 2:Exploratory Factor Analysis: This analysis is aimed at determining the factors that influence the other responses, exploratory analysis involves determining the correlation coefficient matrix and analysis the values. Factors whose correlation coefficient is high either negative or positive are more likely to be influenced by one factor, those whose correlation coefficients are low are more likely to be influenced by different factors.

Case Study for Standard Software Testing- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCase Study for Standard Software Testing. Answer: Annotated Bibliography Reference 1: Moore (2006) This particular article discusses on constructing a roadmap for the software engineering. The author argued on the challenges and gaps raised in software engineering. This paper provides with IEEE software and system standards. The author researched on the fundamental principles of the software engineering with a need to describe curriculum of the disciplines. Moore (2006) stressed that a corpus of the software engineering standards comprises a formalization of the best practices. It results into lack of integration as well as coherence. There is also some sort of overlapping. The evidence is evolution of the software engineering standards and tools. In order to mitigate the gaps, the standard organizations require better take hold of the basics of the discipline of the software engineering. Moore (2006) noted that disciplines of the software engineering established a connection between the engineering principles and also standards that limit the standards. This particular IEEE paper provides the vision of the future challenges in area of software engineering. In the other articles, from the literature review it is revealed that most of the author used the terms-principles, techniques, standards in inexact way. This current paper is better as compared to other articles as in other articles, there is nonexistence of accurate definition of the terms used and lack of information into software engineering standards is a basis of uncertainty for the researchers. Reference 2: Takahashi (2008) The author argued on that the coalition means to form of testing standards in favor of the anti-virus software. This paper figures out the varieties of malware that every of the software packages can capable to block. The author knew the features of the anti-virus software so as to discontinue the e-mail phishing, elimination of viruses, updation of the malware and protection of the passwords. This evidence is supported by creation of software standards to evaluate the anti-virus software. Takahashi (2008) proved the evidence is supported by conducting a crash test dummy into the car industry. In order to do testing, a computer is scanned to examine whether the anti-virus software will accept the bugs on the machine. Anti-virus software is used to examine the signature of recognized threats and mitigate them. The software does heuristic analysis and assessment to identify whether the program has innovative functions. The software can utilize of intrusion detection method to analyze t he network traffic (Takahashi, 2008). It stops the bad means of the firewall which divides the computer and also the group from the internet. When this article is compared to other, then it is seen that this particular article cannot provide recommendations on use of other testing tool which is better for eliminating the viruses. Key word driven testing (2014) In this article, the author argued on keyword driven testing which is a software testing methodology which is perfect to do manual as well as the automated testing. This methodology divides certification of the test cases. The test creation development has two stages- design as well as progress stage as well as implementation stage. The evidence provided for testing is some standards set to structure keywords as well as attributes. The author convinced with the evidence as software testing standards are provided ISO/ICE/IEE 29119 models for testing specifications. The keyword driven testing permits automation to start earlier into SDLC even before a stable build is being delivered for the purpose of testing (Key word driven testing, 2014). The idea behind the evidence of keyword drive approach is to divide coding from test case as well as test step. Therefore, the non-technical person can able to understand the automation process. Various types of software tools are designed for test ing. This proposed methodology is used to select keywords as well as attributes. This standard is appropriate for the programmers in addition to testers to generate applications for key word driven test. The authors argument is regarded to other articles which build to create keywords and identify the test cases. With the keyword selection software, set of attributes and keywords are being selected. Abstract The first article is based on road map for the software testing in which the author discussed on the software engineering principles with requirements to explain curriculum of the disciplines. Software testing is based on three steps such as analyze the requirements, determination of feasibility and begin with the test automation. In the second article, it evaluated on coalition aims to generate of testing standards for the anti-virus software. Software testing is done to examine the computer to observe if the anti-virus software will recognize the viruses in the computer. Antivirus software is used to detect as well as eliminate of computer viruses. The newspaper article provides the testing methods and processes for the software to protect them from virus, spyware and malware attacks. The article reviews on crash test dummy into the car business to provide evidence on the testing principles for the anti-virus software. The software conducted heuristic analysis in addition to do eva luation for identifying whether the program has inventive purposes. It is used as intrusion detection method to investigate the network traffic. In the third article, keyword driven testing is analyzed by the author for separating documentation of the test cases. It evaluates on the methods for software testing based on various viewpoints of testing. The testing is done for selecting keywords need for the organization. These three articles provides standards for the software testing so that the software develop can design, build and test the software for successful implementation of a software project. Standard software testing plays a vital role into software projects. References IEEE Reference paper (april 28, 2014) - key word driven testing. Moore, J.W., 2006. The road map to software engineering. Wiley-Interscience. Takahashi, D. (2008). Takahashi: Coalition aims to create testing standards for anti-virus software The Mercury News.

Professional Ethics & Regulation Corporate Social Responsibility

Question: Describe about the Professional Ethics Regulation for Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to evaluate the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in banking sector. According to the given scenario, the newly recruited non-executive directors are provided with an opportunity to share their views with the existing non-executive directors. In this meeting, the non-executive directors have raised concern regarding the banks corporate social responsibilities. According to them, the company is not capitalizing the corporate social activities for commercial benefits and therefore, the CEO has raised further concern to the matter. In this report, the importance of corporate social responsibilities and correspondent ethical guideline for the same has been emphasized. Nowadays, CSR is a tool of branding strategy making. Through this process, an organization can influence the stakeholders to improve their perceived value for the company (Rupp et al. 2015). However, overstating the CSR activities would affect business operation of an organization. According to the case study, Nantporth Bank plc has implemented efficient activities in order to conduct CSR; however, the entire cost has been incorporate in marketing budget. Eventually, the bank is not using the CSR activities as a differentiator tool. Moreover, some of the Banks activities are conflicting with the ethical guideline. For example, the bank has decided to move forward to online banking, which may cause 1000 redundancies. Therefore, it would be difficult to reconcile corporate social responsibilities and organizational ethics. This report will elaborate the need of ethical policies in order to deal with ethical dilemma. Use of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) In banking sector, the companies are responsible for facilitate the stakeholders including the society the company serves. Therefore, it is highly important to implement efficient strategies in order to provide advantage to the society and other stakeholders as well. The corporate social activities can be used as a marketing tool through which the company will be able to influence the stakeholders in a positive manner (Schrempf-Stirling, Palazzo and Phillips 2015). In order to use CSR as strategic position making tool, an organization should not overstate the corporate activities. Overstating the corporate social responsibilities would affect the brand image of the company. The overall cost of corporate social responsibility should be included in marketing budget (Vitell 2015). It helps the company to measure the effectiveness of the social activities through measuring the profitability. Strategic Positioning The term strategic positioning refers to the process of ensuring good position of the company in future environment. In case of Nantporth Bank plc, the company has decided to move forward into online banking, which may cause 1000 redundancy. Therefore, it would hamper CSR policy of the company, because through this movement, the company would not be able to provide advantages to its employees (Prez and Bosque 2015). The company should ensure that the employees are getting sufficient benefits as well as the community is being facilitated with good service. Formal policies on corporate social responsibilities and ethics would help an organization to reconcile social activities and strategic movement (Sun et al. 2015). The policies would help the company to ensure sustainability in changing environment. The company can promote the corporate social activities among the stakeholders in order to influence perception of the stakeholders positively. However, the company should not overstate the activities in order to maintain ethical guideline (Harjoto, Laksmana and Lee 2015). Therefore, it is important to implement ethical policies along with corporate social guideline. A sustainable CSR policy and ethical guideline would help the company to ensure that the company would be able to create strong brand image with changing environment. Differentiator In order to differentiate the company among others, it is important to facilitate the society along with other stakeholders with ethical guidelines. An organization should conduct ethical business in order to use CSR as a differentiator tool. There are several companies have participated in CSR activities; however, the practice of following ethical guideline is to less. The companies are publishing fabricated CSR activities in order to attract the stakeholders (Das, Dixon and Michael 2015). Such practices are unethical and therefore, the company should ensure appropriate discloser of CSR activities along with strong ethical guideline. In such manner, it would be possible for Nantporth Bank plc to differentiate the company among the competitors. A formal policy of corporate social responsibility helps an organization to give stakeholders the opportunity of sustainability. Implementing efficient policies for corporate social responsibility would help the company to introduce new bankin g schemes for the needful consumers (Jamali and Karam 2016). The involvement in social responsibilities would influence consumers perception about the company positively. Therefore, the investors and shareholders will rely on the business model of the company in long-term basis. Therefore, it can be said that a formal policy of corporate social responsibility would help the company to differentiate the brand from the competitors in market. Advantages of the policy The policies for corporate social responsibility and ethics can help an organization to increase customer retention (Saeidi et al. 2015). On the other hand, these policies help to develop strong relationship with the investors, customers and other networks with which the bank operates. Moreover, which such strategies, the company will be able to increase employee retention. Following are the advantages of CSR and ethics policies. Increasing customer retention Increasing employee retention Increase transparency with the stakeholders Improving organizational brand image and consumers perception The policies may bring advantages for the company from different aspects such as employee retention, customer retention, good brand image and sustainable business opportunity. Through an efficient policy of CSR and ethics would help the company to attract stakeholders like customers and investors. Showing regard to the existing employees would help the company to increase employee retention (Bartov and Yan 2015). On the other hand, a strong CSR policy would help the consumers to get viable information about the services. In order to differentiate the company among the competitors, the company should promote their activities among the stakeholders. Moreover, the company should comply with the GRI guideline while publishing the social activities through sustainable report. The internal policies have wide impact on the sustainability of the company (Ioannou and Serafeim 2015). However, it is important to comply with the regulations of external governance in order to promote CSR. Overall , the policies would help the company to build strong brand image through which the company would be able to capitalize on their social activities (Shen et al. 2016). The company has been associated with different social activities; however, it is important to involve in aggressive promotion of such activities in order to achieve organizational goals and activities. Scope of CSR policy The policy has been implemented by the company focuses on improving corporate social responsibilities along with the ethical guideline. However, the company is not capitalizing the CSR activities as strategic positioning tool. The policies with CSR and ethics would help the company to satisfy both internal and external stakeholders in an efficient manner (Rao and Tilt 2015). Moreover, the policies would help the company to ensure future development along with stakeholders advantages. Promoting the corporate social responsibilities among the stakeholders would help the company to maintain transparent communication (Shen et al. 2016). Therefore, it can be said that this kind of policy would give opportunity to the company in order to conduct sustainable business in global market. A formal policy of corporate social responsibility would help in over commitment of social activities. However, it is also important to incorporate ethical guideline in order to ensure that both internal and e xternal stakeholders are being facilitated. An ethical guideline would help the management to ensure that employees are given with appropriate recognition and regard. In this case, the concern stakeholders will be the employees. The company should not take any strategic movement through which the society would be facilitated, but the employees will be deprived. Incorporating ethical guideline would help the company to satisfy both society and their stakeholders in an efficient manner. When it comes to the policy improvement, it is highly important to incorporate ethical guideline to the corporate social responsibilities. It would help to maintain ethical business operations (Kili, Kuzey and Uyar 2015). The bank already has conducted certain activities in order to conduct sustainable business. However, the current decision of incorporating online banking would affect employee relations. Therefore, the company should implement policies in order to change job responsibilities of the existing employees rather than accepting redundancies. This policy would help the company to increase employee retention as well as to develop strong brand image of the company (Zhu, Liu and Lai 2016). Implementation of such strategy would help the company to ensure the stakeholders are being facilitated with efficient ethical guidelines. In order to conduct social responsibilities, the company should improve the technological aspects as per environmental change (Rao and Tilt 2015). Nowad ays, it is important to introduce online banking facilities in order to improve banking service for the consumers. However, digitalization of service would reduce need of workforce in banking sector (Alamer et al. 2015). Therefore, the formal policy may improve the facilities for the external stakeholders, but it would affect wellbeing of the internal stakeholders as well. Therefore, ethical guidelines should be incorporated through which the company would be able to ensure that ethical procedures are being followed. The policy should further include aggressive promotion of social activities among the stakeholders. In this manner, the company would be able to capitalize on the corporate social activities in an efficient manner (Fatemi, Fooladi and Tehranian 2015). The primary aim of the company is to increase profitability. Therefore, the company should implement such policy in which they can publish their social activities fairly through the sustainable report. This policy would help the company to ensure that the company is not entertaining unethical practices. Publishing over commitment through sustainable report would affect business operation of the company negatively (Dam and Scholtens 2015). Therefore, it can be said that incorporating such policy would help to improve the business operation and sustainability in future environment. Risk of incorporating CSR policy The incorporation of ethical policies may influence some risk factors. In this policy, the bank needs to reconcile strong corporate social responsibility and ethical message. For instance, the company should prevent redundancies while implementing online services to the consumers. The incorporation of ethical policies would increase organizational cost and reduce profitability. In order to serve the social community, the company should introduce online banking facilities (Zhu, Liu and Lai 2016). It will reduce the need of traditional branch operation. It can be described as a corporate social responsibility, because it would facilitate the social community and the consumers to overcome accessibility issues. On the other hand, the incorporation of online banking and reduce traditional branch operation has wide impact on employees responsibilities (Ferdous and Moniruzzaman 2015). The traditional banking procedures will be affected and therefore, redundancy rate will go high. In such si tuation, the bank will not be able to reconcile both corporate social activities and ethical message. Implementing this policy will tend the company to restructure job responsibilities of the existing employees in accordance with the environmental requirements. For example, the company should train the employees to cope up with newly implemented technologies. In that case, the company should communicate with the employees in an appropriate manner. The responsibility delegation plays major role in this aspect. Here, the company may face difficulties while delegating responsibilities to the employees (de Bakker 2016). Technological improvement may hamper work process of the existing employees. On the other hand, low acceptance rate of change among the employees can be a major issue. The employees may have poor knowledge in technology, which prevent the company to implement such policies. In this case, the company should provide training to the employees in order to improve their performance in accordance with the changing environment. However, it would increase organizational cost, whi ch will reduce overall profitability. The primary aim of the company is to increase organizational profitability (Alamer et al. 2015). However, the implemented policy would prevent the company from increasing the profitability. Therefore, it can be said that the most conflicting situation would be increasing profitability along with ethical guidelines. According to the ethical principles, the company should show high regards to their employees along with the social community. Therefore, the company should implement strategies in order to reduce employee turnover during change. In the given scenario, the company would like to facilitate the consumers. However, it has diverse impact on the existing employees. The company should facilitate all level of stakeholders with efficient policies of corporate social responsibilities. However, the incorporation of ethical policies along with corporate social policies would prevent the company from facilitating both internal and external stakeholders (Ioannou and Serafeim 2015). On the other hand, facilitating both the stakeholders would prevent the company from maintaining the profitability, which is the primary goal of the company. Therefore, it can be said that incorporating ethical policies would create conflict situation for the bank and therefore, it will be difficult for the company to achieve organizational goals and objectives. The threat related to the asset management subsidiaries: As mentioned by Bartov and Yan (2015) the CSR activities largely supports the actions or policies that contribute to the community development requirements. Hence, the organizations need to proactively refuse the actions or policies those are detrimental to the wellbeing of the communities. However, as opined by Ioannou and Serafeim (2015) such ethical decisions often strikes the organizations negatively, as it poses a threat to the financial viability of the companies. In the banking sector, it can become a threat to the organizations. As mentioned by Ferdous and Moniruzzaman (2015) in the major objectives of the financial organizations is to collect profit. With a number of diversified services the banks collects a substantial amount of profit. In the case of Nantporth Bank plc, the company has the subsidiary that offers mutual funds and money management services. The major source of profit is the companies those operate n the sectors like alcoholic drinks, tobacco companies and the companies in the extraction industry (mainly mining). Now, the essence of the CSR policy creates a strategic dilemma for the bank. As mentioned by Ioannou and Serafeim (2015) within the framework of the CSR policies the company needs to reject the strategy that creates harm to the community even with the promise of high profit. Moreover, the companies operating in the mining sector are creating environmental threat which is being indirectly encouraged by the Nantporth Bank plc. In such a context, the company can opt for the following strategies: Investing on the community programs against substance abuse: As the company cannot opt for rejecting its service to its star performers, it can invest on the projects those are directed to the cause of eliminating substance abuse or helping the victims of it. Charging a bit extra interest to those companies: This strategy can decrease the level of customer demand in this sector. Hence, the bank can opt for make a discussion with those customers and ensure that their contribution will be highlighted in the marketing and CSR strategy of the bank. Thus, by alluring them for positive brand image, the bank can opt for CSR which will not harm its business. Investing on the projects for environmental development: As mentioned by Ferdous and Moniruzzaman (2015) a number of excavation or mining companies opt for this strategy of investing in the environmental development or community development projects. Here, the example of British petroleum can be cited. Hence, it would be successful CSR project for Nantporth Bank plc. Moreover, the company can opt for investing on the health or livelihood projects of the people of those communities within which its customer is operating. Here, the company can also share the CSR investments of those companies. The threat related to the consumer finance subsidiaries: On the other hand, in the case of the consumer finance subsidiary, the company has to opt for high interest rates and aggressive debt recovery policies for operational success. As mentioned by Dam and Scholtens (2015) operation in the high risk market compels the banks to opt for the strategies like high interest rate and strict debt recovery policies. However, it essentially creates an ethical dilemma for the banks. As mentioned by Bartov and Yan (2015) the axiom of CSR advocates a policy that provides an ethical and humanitarian ground. Hence, the policy of high interest rate and strict debt recovery strategy puts a threat to the CSR guidelines of the company. In such a context, the company can opt for the following recommendations: A thorough investigation and opting for mortgage: As mentioned by Dam and Scholtens (2015) most of the banks in financial industry follows the strategy of careful lending to the debtors with a thorough investigation about the potentiality of the customer for the debt recovery. Hence, the Nantporth Bank plc. can follow this same strategy with a call for mortgage. The bank needs to align this policy to the national financial guidelines to eliminate any legal threat. It will decrease the threat of recovery failure. Increasing the EMI timeframe: As the company cannot decrease the interest rate, it can provide the opportunity of increased timeframe for credit return. It will support the high interest rate policy with an empathic ground. Thus, the company can eliminate threat related to the CSR policies on its business subsidiaries. Conclusion and Recommendations While concluding, it can be said that corporate social responsibilities has wide impact on strategic positioning. Effective set of policies in corporate social responsibilities would help the company to improve brand image. On the other hand, the incorporation of ethical guideline would help the company to satisfy both internal and external stakeholders of the bank. In the given scenario, the company has planned to introduce online banking facilities, which may facilitate the customers. However, this strategy has diverse impact on the employees. In such situation, ethical dilemma may appear and therefore, it is important to implement efficient set of ethical guideline. It would help the company to show regards towards the employees while conducting social responsibilities. In order to mitigate the risk factors of the ethical policies, the company should communicate with the stakeholders in a proper manner. The company should share their vision with the internal stakeholders before implementing any change. Apart from that, the company should maintain with the GRI guideline while publishing the corporate social responsibilities through sustainability report. In order to reconcile with the corporate social responsibilities and ethics, the company should provide adequate training to the employees. In this case, the employees will be unable to cope up with the new technology. Moreover, the job responsibilities of the employees will be changes. In such situation, employees may refuse to accept the change. Therefore, the company should build strong communication with the employees in order to restructure responsibilities of the existing employees. The company should not overstate the social responsibilities while publishing it through sustainability report. The practice of over commitment would prevent the company from building strong brand image in competitive market. In order to differentiate the brand among competitors, the company should promote the social activities among the stakeholders. It would help the company to capitalize on the social activities in an efficient manner. On the other hand, the company should maintain ethical practices while participating in social activities. Reference list Alamer, A.R.A., Salamon, H.B., Qureshi, M.I. and Rasli, A.M., 2015. CSR's Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility Practice in Islamic Banking: A Review.International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues,5(1S) Bartov, E. and Yan, L., 2015. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Market Pricing of Corporate Earnings.Hobart, Australia: Accounting Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand Dam, L. and Scholtens, B., 2015. Toward a theory of responsible investing: On the economic foundations of corporate social responsibility.Resource and Energy Economics,41, pp.103-121 Das, S., Dixon, R. and Michael, A., 2015. Corporate social responsibility reporting: a longitudinal study of listed banking companies in Bangladesh.World Review of Business Research,5(1), pp.130-154 de Bakker, F., 2016.Managing corporate social responsibility in action: talking, doing and measuring. CRC Press Fatemi, A., Fooladi, I. and Tehranian, H., 2015. Valuation effects of corporate social responsibility.Journal of Banking Finance,59, pp.182-192 Ferdous, M. and Moniruzzaman, M., 2015. An empirical evidence of corporate social responsibility by banking sector based on Bangladesh.Asian Business Review,3(4), pp.82-87 Harjoto, M., Laksmana, I. and Lee, R., 2015. Board diversity and corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,132(4), pp.641-660 Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2015. The impact of corporate social responsibility on investment recommendations: Analysts' perceptions and shifting institutional logics.Strategic Management Journal,36(7), pp.1053-1081 Jamali, D. and Karam, C., 2016. Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countries as an Emerging Field of Study.International Journal of Management Reviews Kili, M., Kuzey, C. and Uyar, A., 2015. The impact of ownership and board structure on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting in the Turkish banking industry.Corporate Governance,15(3), pp.357-374 Prez, A. and Bosque, I.R., 2015. How customer support for corporate social responsibility influences the image of companies: Evidence from the banking industry.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(3), pp.155-168 Rao, K. and Tilt, C., 2015. Board composition and corporate social responsibility: The role of diversity, gender, strategy and decision making.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-21 Rupp, D.E., Wright, P.M., Aryee, S. and Luo, Y., 2015. Organizational justice, behavioral ethics, and corporate social responsibility: Finally the three shall merge.Management and Organization Review,11(01), pp.15-24 Saeidi, S.P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S.P. and Saaeidi, S.A., 2015. How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,68(2), pp.341-350 Schrempf-Stirling, J., Palazzo, G. and Phillips, R., 2015. Historic corporate social responsibility.Academy of Management Review, pp.amr-2014 Shen, C.H., Wu, M.W., Chen, T.H. and Fang, H., 2016. To engage or not to engage in corporate social responsibility: Empirical evidence from global banking sector. Economic Modelling, 55, pp.207-225 Sun, J., Wang, F., Wang, F. and Yin, H., 2015. Community Institutions and Initial Diffusion of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in China's Banking Industry.Management and Organization Review,11(03), pp.441-468 Vitell, S.J., 2015. A case for consumer social responsibility (CnSR): Including a selected review of consumer ethics/social responsibility research.Journal of Business Ethics,130(4), pp.767-774 Zhu, Q., Liu, J. and Lai, K.H., 2016. Corporate social responsibility practices and performance improvement among Chinese national state-owned enterprises.International Journal of Production Economics,171, pp.417-426

The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination Essay Example

The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination Essay Shakespeare gives us the example of that in his book of Romeo and Juliet. In this book, there are two families who hate each other due to past conflicts. The Montague and the Caplet family. In this book, the son of the Montague falls in love with the daughter of the Capsules. A love so deep that they get married In privacy. Because them getting married biblically, would cause their parents to greatly punish them. One night, Juliet tells Romeo Deny thy father and refuse thy name; or If thou will not, be but sworn my love, and Ill no longer be a Caplet. (Shakespeare 34-36. Her father wants her to get married to a man who she does not want to marry. The day of her marriage, she fakes her death. Romeo believing she is dead kills himself out of grief of losing her. All this hardship because the parents hate each others names and cannot bear their kids being together. This is Just one example of misjudging one by the name. In this case judging one by his name has resulted in death. Osama is another example. This name is stereotyped because Osama Bin Laden the most wanted man in the world carries it. It does not signify a lion jumping on its prey. And et that is how It Is seen In todays society around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And so if a boy or a man were to carry this name, he would have much difficulty In getting a Job. Just for carrying that name. Therefore Judging one by his name affects everyone In one way or another. In Harper Lees book To Kill a Mockingbird, the author puts in evidence the amount of racism that was present in the southern Alabama state of America; back in the sass. In this book, the most part of the white community of Macomb mistreats the black community by firstly by calling them Negroes and secondly by accusing one of them falsely. In this case, the accused is Tom Robinson. A black man accused of violently abusing and raping a white woman. Although his lawyer Tactics Finch defends him with strong evidence, the jury goes against him by Judging him guilty. The white society did not stand up for him, but Just let It pass. They forgot all about this case within two days. After his death due to a failed escape from Enfield Prison Farm, a member of the white community Judges him as Typical of a Niger to cut and run. Typical of Ruggeris mentality to have no plan, no thought for the future. Just run blind the first chance he saw. (Lee page 24) Lee just shows us one example of racism. Still today In southern part AT ten USA tanner are groups AT ten ASK won are still advocating white supremacy. This causes many deaths of non-white people. The Arab race is another example. Arabs are now stereotyped as terrorist ever since the 911 incident. If one person of any race is wrong, it does not mean that all the people of that race are wrong as well. One should not be Judged by his race but by his character. Racism causes many problems to individuals that are part of a stereotyped race or people that are simply discriminated due to their skin color. Therefore racism must take a stop. Often, people with physical disabilities or differences are misjudged or underestimated by those who have none. Either if they have an extra toes, half a finger or are shorter than average. That can cause not getting hired at a Job. Gender can also be a problem. For instance if a girl would want to work in construction, she would be made fun of and greatly under estimated because she might not have the physical strength for the work or the roughness of a man. In todays society in North America, gender has become a minor problem. Men get to work in fashion and girl tortes, Just as women can work at a garage or as police officers. However physical disabilities are still discriminated. In John Handsaws book The Chrysalis, he talks about a girl named Sophie who is believed to be a blasphemy or deviation of some kind because she has six toes. The inspector in the story warns David (the main character) not to be friends with Sophie because she is made by the devil. She has no soul. David is forced to report her to the authorities so they can send her to Finchs land. Muff know, David concealment of a Blasphemy not reporting a human aviation is a very very serious thing. People go to prison for it. It is everybodys duty to report any kind of offence to me even they arent sure so that I can decide. Its always important, and very important indeed is it is a Blasphemy. And in this case there doesnt seem to be any doubt about it unless young Ervin was mistaken. Now he says she has six toes. Is that true? (Yamaha page 51) Those who are physically disabled could be very qualified for something. For instance many people who see a physically disabled person would most likely Judge him as mentally ill. And that is a problem in our society. Employers could miss the chance of having a top quality employee such as a sales manager Just because he is in a wheelchair. The fact of discriminating on physically disabled people can cause us to lose chances of meeting very valuable people. They should not be underestimated and should be considered. Therefore ignoring them can affect many people. The various aspects of misjudging, discriminating or underestimating one by his name, race or physical ability can truly affect everyone in various ways. One must learn to accept others the way they are. And if one would Judges someone else, he should Judge him by his character and not by his appearance. This goes for the same with the famous expression Dont Judge a book by its cover. Shakespeare, Harper Lee and Yamaha have each covered one of these aspects and put it in a scenario. The examples are set and so are the lessons. Now all one can do is read and learn. Bibliography I en occasionally. London: a Penguin KICK, BIBB, pup SSH William. Romeo and Juliet. Toronto: Harcourt Shakespeare series, 1999, IPPP LEE, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. New York: Warner Books Edition, 1982, IPPP

Atticus Finch- Character Analysis essays

Atticus Finch- Character Analysis essays Atticus Finch is the father of two children. His character can best be summed up as a man whose character is nearly the complete opposite of the general population of the town. He is a man without prejudice and racial hatred and is a good-hearted man of strong morals. He brings up his children the way he sees right. Atticus sees past a mans color and looks into the depth of his character. In the beginning of the novel, on page 30, he tells Scout You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view...until you climb into his skin and walk around in it. This shows that Atticus is a man of strong morals and principles and a man who will stand up for what he believes is right. When asked by his children why he chose to defend Tom Robinson when he knew he would most likely not win he replied to them that is he hadnt, he wouldnt be able to believe in himself anymore. He chose to defend Tom Robinson because to choose not to would be going against all his personal morals and principles. Due to these strong morals and principles, he is greatly respected by those in Maycomb. Jem and Scout, especially, are disappointed that Atticus doesnt seem to do anything the other men in the town do. He doesnt drink, he doesnt smoke and he doesnt play sports. Yet when a rabid dog enters the street and is likely to threaten the townspeople, Atticus is called upon to deal with it. Here we learn along with the children that Atticus is known as One Shot Finch for his remarkable ability with the rifle to hit nearly any target in the first shot. Atticus proved himself to be a good lawyer. Atticus was extremely good at cross-examining witnesses. He had what could almost be called a sixth sense when it involved judging a persons character and deciding whether or not that person is lying. During Tom Robinsons trial, Atticu ...

No child left behind act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

No child left behind act - Essay Example The report states the alarming statistics of how competing15 year old international students were better at math then the Americans’ by of scoring lower than peers among pupils from other industrialized countries. Despite the staggering numbers, and the drop rates of 7000 school children on daily basis, the NCLB refuses to step back. It held public hearings cross the country, these talks taking the commission from Atlanta, Connecticut, Wisconsin, California, Hartford, to Madison, Georgia, Massachusetts and even Cambridge. 46 individuals from state policy makers to teachers, parents, officials and even advocates testified on behalf of thousands of people, reflecting on how the law has affected numerous lives. As Nathaniel Branden says, â€Å"The first step toward change is awareness. The second step is acceptance†. As if this isn’t enough evidence for the constantly functioning system, the collection of more than 10000 comments via its website reflects how citizen s are enthusiastic and aware of the reform being taken. Darling Hammond’s essay published in 2007 states the rather bitter sweet side of the NCLB reform, backing her arguments by yet another set of alarming statistics about the American education over the years. ... ccording to Darling Hammond, the â€Å"kill drill† system of MCQS as testing strategy has discouraged students from carrying out research analysis and experimental work which is a better measure of their knowledge and skill. NCLBs initiative according to both the essays, to label or point out more and more schools as â€Å"failing† from Darling Hammond’s view is harmful and unfair. She quotes in her essay the words of principal from Florida who points out that the already sidelined â€Å"failing† schools have little or no hope in getting help from the NCLB. NCLB has in its paradigm the system of accounting the student and the teachers for their performance, however Hammond calls this paradigm incomplete. As the state is not accountable for how the teachers and the students perform. NCLB identifies several ways in which it intends to improve the outlook of education in America in the years to come. It points out how â€Å"effective† teachers form the basis of a system that is foolproof. It also highlights in the commission report that the teacher student interaction, the involvement of presents and community members and their relationship is essential in bringing reform. also, the data systems of evaluating performance and keeping track of student grades and scores is vital to improve the foundations already laid down by NCLB. This however cannot be carried out unless the potential leaders in form of responsible and pioneering principals take hold of the systems in school across America. Drling hmmind colors in our minds a different image of the progress of NCLB one that is stagnant and not good enough. The lack of successful transfer of low performance students from private to public schools has only encouraged more drop outs, as due to lack of proper schooling

Will Smith Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Will Smith - Essay Example The essay elaborates on the life story of Will Smith depicting his different phase of life and elaborating on the struggles that he has faced. Correspondingly, the paper even details out the different absurd situations he has faced that has contributed to develop him as an eminent personality. Will Smith is a famous rapper cum actor born in the year 1968. His family christened him as William Cristopher Smith Jr. He was born in an African-American family in Philadelphia. Belonging from a middle class family, he faced severe amount of struggle in his initial years. Additionally, Smith even faced severe stress of family conflict amid his parents, which made his adolescence stage of life even more stressful. However, the actor had never let his family struggle come in the way of his ambitions. Despite of facing severe amount of negative situations and challenges Smith successfully started his career as a rapper in the year 1980’s. The rapper received his first Grammy award in the year 1988. This was also the first ever Grammy awards in the field of rapping. His contributions in the field of rapping are enormous and have even initiated new horizons in this field. Furthermore, Smith started his acting career through a small role in a drama following which he got a head start for his career in the movies. The actor cum rapper got the taste of his first stardom after featuring in the film ‘Bad Boys’. This stardom was followed by his famous role in the movie the Independence Day that marked him as an important player in the Hollywood. The actor by his distinguishable acting skills and comic essence marked his presence as one of the most charming heroes of the Hollywood. Being a part of the black community the actor faced struggle in the initial years of his career in the film industry. However, with his willpower and strong mental set up the actor successfully battled against his shortcomings and developed a

Religion, Feminism, and Environmentalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Religion, Feminism, and Environmentalism - Essay Example The concept of ecological sustainability in the Hindu traditions goes back to the traditional beliefs of respecting and creating a special relationship with the environment around. Similarly, in Christian women the ecological sustainability revives the tradition that God gave this world to the creatures for their use and dominance over the earth and all its creations. Buddhism also promotes the idea of environmental ethics in the daily lives of the people to promote a non-violent ecology. Ecological feminism is a term that describes the parallel system of environmental exploitation and exploitation of women in the society. These theories suggest that the natural resources and women, both are exploited by the dominance of men. Men are dominant on nature and women because these are the powerless groups. The control over nature is seen as parallel to the control over women. The male dominance in the society is seen by the eco-feminists as the reason for the environmental crisis that we are facing. The male dominance agents include fights for power, political ties, the male oriented culture of decision making etc., and these are merely the reasons for the destruction of the environment. The ecological feminist theories also play an important role to highlight the relationship among the environmental politics and the philosophy of the society. These theories say that this relation is enhanced by the focus on gender. Philosophically, eco-feminism is the name given to the concept that talks about the link of ecology and feminism. This concept may be supported and opposed by the examination of this link. Some of the conceptual frameworks that are covered under the theory of eco-feminism are the distinction among feminism and animal liberation, violence and exploitation of environment etc. Ecological feminism shows that man is dominant on both; nature and women (Warren 25). Feminism is linked with ecology and eco-feminists argue that there is a deep connection between n ature and women. Women have the potential to dominate the environment. The reasons for this link are the oppression that is faced commonly by women and nature at the hands of the male dominant, patriarchal society. Women are believed to have ecological knowledge ever since the society emerged. They connect with the environment through the daily interactions they make with nature’s processes. Ecological feminism in India: Feminism in India describes the equality of men and women that is established on social, political and economic level. Feminists in India are active and have quite successfully provided the women in India with equal rights in health, work and politics. This has led to many developments of which women have been a huge part whether it is the abolition of Sati, independent organizations for women movements by Gandhi or the equality in men and women observed in modern India. Women were treated and feminism was considered to be different in India than in the West. Religion has played a major role to identify the power of women in India, and women are given the cultural space. The western society rather believes in individualism and free rights because of which feminism is promoted. The views of Hindus about nature are evident from the Hindu scripture and philosophy. According to the spirituality of Hindus, the women have greatly contributed in the ecological developments since the beginning. Their long history of Goddesses also shows the formative role of women in Hindu culture and religion, for example the association of women such as Lakshmi and Jaya with rivers to

Motivation of Employees in an Organisation

Motivation of Employees in an Organisation INTRODUCTION Motivation is the force that drives humans to work hard towards achieving either their personal or organizational goals; giving our best performance at work is not just a function of ability but experience , reward and most importantly motivation, characteristics that are required in order to achieve anything in life. To motivate means to inspire, instigate and encourage a person to do their best in an organization although Bruce and Pepitone (1998) maintain that motivation is inbuilt therefore people will only do that which is in their own interest and managers cannot influence their employees but can only influence what they are motivated to do. Gallager et al. (1997) also state that human beings are purposeful and continually select goals that are important to us and find ways to achieve them. When an employee joins an organization, he/she comes with certain needs that vary from employee to employee and affect his/her performance. Some of these needs are physiological; others are related to psychological and social values. (Robins 2000:44) is of the opinion that â€Å"An unsatisfied need creates tension, which stimulates drives within the individual. These drives generate a search for particular goals that, if attained, will satisfy the need and lead to reduction of tension†. He further states that an employee will engage in activities according to the level of tension, the more tension an employee develops the more activities he will indulge in. So it then implies that an employee who is highly motivated will indulge in more work. For a manager or leader in an organization, it might be very difficult to learn effectively how to motivate each employee as the method used to motivate each employee must be specific to the individual. Motivated employees are of great im portance within an organization; they propel the organization forward by positively influencing the work atmosphere and attitude, customer orientation and company attitude. There are various reasons why employees need to be motivated or are motivated, it could possibly be just for self derived satisfaction that comes with no evident reward other than the activity itself or just to get rewarded or to avoid punishment in addition to attaining a certain level of achievement, Harrison 2007 suggest that some employees may seem spurred on by the need to â€Å"win† while others might be encouraged by the opportunity to learn something different or new. Certain individuals work harder than others resulting in individuals of lesser ability performing better than their gifted counterparts; this implies that an individuals performance depends not only on ability but on motivation as well. Kressler (2003) believes that motivation is not only relative but depends heavily on individual circumstances as one goal might be too high for one employee another might see it as too low even though they are both capable of achieving it whereas Maddock and Fulton (1998) are of the opinion that motivation rarely or does not vary with individual differences or circumstances. Various theories have been developed over times that try to explain the diverse reasons for motivation; these theories have three basic groups (Naylor, 2004). GROUP ONE: CONTENT THEORIES The content theories explain the internal factors that drive a human being and what directs human behavior. The most famous of this category is Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs: physiological, safety, affection, esteem and self-actualization. Maslow (1987) points out that human beings are wanting animals and rarely reach a state of complete satisfaction. Simons,Irwin and Drinnien(1987) say Maslow describes the five levels of basic needs of humans in hierarchical order and beyond these needs, higher levels of needs exist although a person does not feel the need to satisfy the next one until the present demand has been met. Montana and Charnov (2000) feel that Maslow didnt mean to imply that any of these basic needs would be satisfied totally and that a small level of satisfaction of any need is enough for the individual to move on to the next. Alderfers theory is a compressed version of Maslows five hierarchy of needs which suggests just three levels: existence needs which relate to physiological and security needs of Maslow, relatedness needs which is closely linked to Maslows social, self esteem and safety needs, and growth needs which relate to self esteem and self actualization, he further argues that the more that growth needs are satisfied , the more they might increase in intensity, in addition to that he says two needs can be activated at the same time. Gallagher et al. (1997) And there is Frederick Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory that says there are two different factors that affect motivation at work: hygiene factors and motivator factors (Herzberg, Mausner and Snyderman 1959). Herzberg (1968) developed this theory with people at work as his main concern saying that the hygiene factors (adequate pay, comfortable office, clean and quiet working conditions) if not gotten right by managers will force people to complain thereby leading to demotivation and there will be no complain if they are gotten right. Another content theory is that which was developed by McClelland (1973) who is of the opinion that drive and need are two terms for a motivational process and one cannot be preferred to the other. The McClellands Acquired Needs Theory identifies the fact that every human has a different list of priority when it comes to needs and individuals are not born with these needs but acquire them through experience, he associates each need with a distinct set of work preferences, and managers can help tailor the working environment to meet these needs. GROUP TWO: PROCESS THEORIES Process theories link several factors that make up motivation and are much more complex than the content theories because of the diverse perspectives involved. There are four main approaches based on job characteristics, expectancy, equity and goal- setting. The goal setting theory says that setting goals can be a major source of motivation to employees. Robbins (2000) adds that goals that are difficult to achieve bring about a higher level of result than goals that require little or no effort. Armstrong and Stephens (2005) suggest that feedback is a very important part of the process in order to maintain motivation and especially towards achieving even higher goals. The equity theory by Adams (1965) suggests that when people are treated equally, there will be more motivation to perform better in a workplace. This theory is mainly concerned with how people are treated in relation to other people. The expectancy theory (Mitchell, 1982) is one of the few theories of work motivation that focus on values. The theory implies that people are more likely to choose a course of action that maximizes their utilities and is rather situation specific and not domain-specific (Erez and Earley, 1993). The job characteristics model developed by Hackman and Oldham is built on earlier research between job characteristics and the response of individuals to their work, stating that this theory consists of five job characteristics which are skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback (Hollyforde Whiddett, 2002). (Hackman, Lawler, Porter, 1983) are of the opinion that these job characteristics create three critical psychological states which lead to a number of beneficial personal and work outcomes. GROUP THREE: REINFORCEMENT THEORIES This is a theory based on the argument that behavior is influenced by the consequences of previous actions; it assumes that a person has been motivated to take a particular action and is only concerned with the response generated (Hollyforde Whiddett, 2002).There are four types of reinforcement depending on the employees behavior: positive reinforcement resulting from satisfying consequences, this action can increase the probability that the behavior will be repeated; avoidance reinforcement which is the removal of undesirable consequences; punishment- where undesirable consequences can be taken away for example, the removal of privileges an employee has and finally, extinction which is the removal of rewards (Naylor, 2004). Employee motivation techniques vary from organization to organization. However, they all have the same goal, getting employees to want to do their job better and more efficiently. Not every motivational technique, management practice or benefit works for every company as there are no particular set of rules and every employee has a different need from the other (Messmer, 2001). Through effective employee motivation techniques a company can get much better performance out of their employees. One technique to motivate employees that works really well is the employee of the month. This highlights a single individual who has shown outstanding drive, performance and effort for the given month. It is usually good to have an awards ceremony or to give out this award at management meeting. This simple technique will definitely motivate employees. Other effective employee motivation techniques include competitions between teams in order to get projects completed faster, awards for perfect attendance, and awards for jobs well done. It has been said by (Thomas, 2004) that a manager must have a clear picture of what motivates himself in order to understand what motivates others. (Armstrong Stephens, 2005) Argue that there is no research evidence showing that there exists a strong and positive relationship between job satisfaction and performance, as a satisfied employee is not necessarily a high performer and a high performer is not necessarily a satisfied worker. REFERENCES Adams, J. (1965). Social Exchange, in Advances in Experimental Psycology. new york: academic press. Armstrong, M., Stephens, T. (2005). A Handbook of Employee Reward Management and Practices. Kogan page Limited. Bruce, A., Pepitone, J. S. (1998). Motivating Employees. McGraw hill. Gallagher, K., Ed, R., McClelland, B., Reynolds, J., Tombs, S. (1997). People in Organisations An active learning Approach. oxford: Blackwell publishers Ltd. Hackman, R. j., Lawler, E. E., Porter, L. W. (1983). Perspectives on Behavior in Organisations. McGraw-Hill,Inc. Harrison, R. (1997). Employee Development. wiltshire: cromwell press. Herzberg, F. (1968, july 11). One More Time: How To Nurture Motivation. pp. 52-53. Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., Snydermaan, B. (1959). The Motivation To Work. new york: Wiley. Hollyforde, s., Whiddett, S. (2002). Developing practice: The motivation handbook. wiltshire: cromwell press. Kressler, H. (2003). Motivate and Reward: Performance Appraisal and Incentive Systems for Business Success. Palgrave Macmillan. Maddock, R. C., Fulton, R. L. (1998). Motivation,Emotions and Leadership: The silent side of management. Greenwood publishing Group. Maslow, A. H. (1987). Motivation and Personality . Harper and Row publishers Inc. McClelland, D. s., Steele, R. S. (1973). Human Motivation A book of Readings. Morristown: General learning press. Messmer, M. (2001). Motivating Employees for Dummies. Wiley publishing. Miriam, E. (1993). culture, self identity and work. oxford: oxford university press. Mitchell, T. R. (1982). Motivation: New Directions for Theory Research and Practice. Academy of managment , 80-88. Montana, P. J., Charnov, B. H. (2000). Management. Hauppage: Barrons Educational Series, Inc. Naylor, J. (2004). Management. prentice hall. Robbins, S. P. (2000). Essentials of Organisational Behavior. Prentice Hall. Simons, J. A., Irwin, D. B., Drinnien, B. A. (1987). Maslows Heirachy of Needs from Psycology The search for understanding. New york: West Publishing company. Thomas, N. (2004). Concise Adair on Teambuilding and Motivation. Thorogood.

Essay --

Erika Poeling 6R Ella Fitzgerald Ella Fitzgerald was a great role model to many people including the members of several bands that she played in. She inspired the people of her generation and those after to pursue their dreams. She loved children that liked to play and do other fun stuff that she liked to do when she was a kid. She wanted to make people happy by singing. She is known as The First Lady of Jazz. Ella Fitzgerald was an African-American that was born on April 25th, 1917 in Newport News, Virginia. She was left in a park at age 4 by accident and got sent to an orphanage, but her mom, Temperance, was able to get her back a few days later. Her family was very poor and racial segregation was wide spread in the United States during this time. Her mom got divorced from Ella’s father, William, shortly after she was born. After the divorce, Ella and her mom moved to a town in New York called Yonkers. There, her mom got married to Joseph Da Silva. In 1923 Temperance and Joseph had a daughter and named her Frances. To help support her family during this time, Ella worked as a money runner for gamblers and bookies. Ella attended Sunday school and Bible study in addition to worship services, Here, Ella was introduced to music and singing. In school, Ella liked to dance and perform for others. When she entered fourth grade at a public school, she did not have a lot a lot friends because she did not know how to talk to others without hurting their feelings. She had to go to the school that was less expensive because they did not have that kind of money to spend on a private school. Ella had been singing since she was 4 years... ...way or something they did was bad. Older people today still listen to her music. She always had a smile on her face when she was mad or upset. She helped children to bring the dreams to a better place by practicing with them on their career. Ella liked going to the photo both to take pictures with her friends and family but she never had the time for all of the fun things because she always had to perform in a concert or on stage. Ella Fitzgerald is a great role model to kids and other adults. She shows us that hard work and determination can lead us to do great thing. She shows us that we should us the talents that we have. She inspired the people to go after their dreams and never give up on themselves. She loved children that wanted to peruse their dreams and she made them come true by helping them do the things that she loved to do when she was a kid.

The Campbell Company

The Campbell Company is evaluating a proposal to buy a new milling machine. The base price is $108,000, and shipping and installation costs would add another $12,500. The machine falls into the MACRS 3-year class, and it would be sold after 3 years for $65,000. The machine would require a $5,500 increase in working capital (increased inventory less increased accounts payable). There would be no effect on revenues, but pre-tax labor costs would decline by $44,000 per year. The marginal tax rate is 35 percent. 1. What is the net cost of the machine for capital budgeting purposes, that is, the Year 0 project cash flow? Net Cost of the machine = $108,000 + $12,500 + $5,500 = $126,000 2. What are the net operating cash flows during Years 1, 2 and 3? Â   | Year | |Â   |0 |1 |2 |3 | |After-Tax Savings |Â   |$28,600 |$28,600 |$28,600 | |Depreciation Tax Savings |Â   |$13,918 |$18,979 |$6,326 | |Net Cash Flow |Â   |$42,518 |$47,579 |$34,926 | . What is the terminal year cash flow? |Salvage Value |$65,000 | |Tax on Salvage Value |$19,798 | |NWC Recovery |$5,500 | |Terminal Cash Flow |$50,702 | 4. If the project’s cost of capital (WACC) is 12 percent, should the machine be purchased? Yes, the machine should be purchased as the investment has a positive NPV of $10,840 as per the following table. |NPV Analysis | |Year |Cash Flow |PV Factor @ 12% |PV | |0 |($126,000) |1 |($126,000) | |1 |$42,518 |0. 929 |$37,962 | |2 |$47,579 |0. 7972 |$37,929 | |3 |$85,629 |0. 7118 |$60,949 | |NPV |Â   |Â   |$10,840 |

Artistic Essay essays

Artistic Essay essays When the idea of a personal artistic experience comes to mind, there are a number of things that must considered. The first thing is the term art. What is art? Ones idea of art can vary greatly according to culture and definition. Art is a form of self expression that manifests itself by ways of beliefs, ideals and perception. That is to say that art mirrors the inner self of the person that makes it and of the ones the appreciate it. Artistic moments are times that everyone experiences in their lives. The next thing that comes to mind is how does on define an artistic moment? In my knowledge an artistic moment is defined by three things. Ones ability to make art, appreciation of it, and other peoples perception of such an art. An artistic moment that I experienced was something that manifested through me a few months ago. The artistic moment that I experienced was musical in content. You see, music is a form of art. I have never really ever learned how to play any instruments over the years and was starting to learn how to play the electric guitar. Actually, music is something that I really enjoy and have learned how to appreciate both the extreme and the lighter forms of it. There are a number of artists that appeal to my kind of artistic musical skill. The artistic experience involved me playing some of the songs on the guitar. I was actually able to play some of the songs on the guitar without any lessons. I played many of the songs by ear. I actually wrote a couple tracks that day and I really felt a great deal of joy by doing so. I think that to be able to make music, it does take an amount of artistic skill. Some friends of mine have actually told me something that I never really even thought of before. They proposed to me that just by listening to music is an artistic experience in i tself. I think that this may be true to some extents. I was also able to appreciate the music that I...

Curbs and Sidewalks

Curbs and Sidewalks Curbs and Sidewalks Curbs and Sidewalks By Maeve Maddox Rod poses the question: In Spanish the words curb and sidewalk are interchangeable. Is it the same in English?    In U.S. English, the word sidewalk refers to a paved footpath alongside a street or a road. The sidewalk is usually raised above the level of the road. The curb is a stone or concrete edging between the road and the sidewalk. In British usage, curb is spelled kerb. What Americans call a sidewalk, British speakers call the pavement. Merchants that Americans call street vendors or sidewalk vendors are called kerb-merchants or kerb-vendors by British speakers. Curious about the alleged lack of distinction between sidewalk and curb in Spanish, I looked the words up in my New World Spanish Dictionary and found the following: acera: sidewalk; Mexican banqueta encintado: curb (of a sidewalk) bordillo:curb borde de acera: curb Comments from Spanish speakers welcome. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Beautiful and Ugly WordsHow to Punctuate with â€Å"However†Capitalizing Titles of People and Groups

The Legal Implications of the Coalition Government's Localism Agenda Essay

The Legal Implications of the Coalition Government's Localism Agenda - Essay Example â€Å"Big Society† is the tagline used by the Coalition Government to signify that it trust people â€Å"to take control of the decisions that affect them by devolving power closer to neighbourhoods, increasing citizen participation, promoting community ownership, lifting inspection burden on councils and removing regional government.† (Structural Reform Plan, 2010; Pickles, 2012). The rationale of localism and the Big Society is incorporated in several acts of legislation, one of which is the Decentralisation and Localism bill of 2010 (NCVO, 2011). Additional laws were passed in January of 2012, but majority of the proposed legislation is expected to be passed in April 2012 (Localism-agenda.com, 2012). The Localism Act The Localism Act, which became law on November 2011, signalled a â€Å"radical shift of power from Westminster to local people,† according to the announcement of the Coalition Government (Silver, 2010). ... Increased involvement will be drawn from voluntary and private sector organisations in the running of public services, and a â€Å"fundamental redefinition of the role of the state as a provider of public services† (Silver, 2010). Easily, there is seen a great appeal in allowing local decision-makers to tailor local services, particularly local planning, The Planning System under the Localism Act 2011 There are several key issues that are seen to be relevant to the adoption of localism in development planning. Since the bulk of additional legislation will be introduced by April 2012, it is not clear at this point how many of these concerns will be eventually addressed by the appropriate statutes. They include, among others: How equal representation may be guaranteed for everyone in formulating neighbourhood plans Provision of financial and intellectual support for neighbourhood forums The prescribed process of adapting valid local plans in light of the Localism Bill Ensuring c ollaboration between local authorities in arriving at strategic plans Coordinating at a national level through the National Planning Policy Framework How effectively the New Homes Bonus and a reformed CIL will be in incentivising development The practical application of ‘presumption in favour of sustainable development’ Ensuring transparent & effective consultation with neighbourhoods by businesses Maintaining a balance between participation & representation by holding local members to account (Chelgate, 2011) Other than these issues, the new legislation imposes an expanded set of responsibilities for both local authorities and developers. Cook (2011) conducted a poll among

Information about Wegener's Granulomatosis Term Paper

Information about Wegener's Granulomatosis - Term Paper Example Wicks reports that 90% or more of those affected are Caucasian. 1 The comparative rarity also makes research difficult, especially when it will benefit only small numbers, which may mean funding for possible research projects is limited. Mahr et al 2(2006) give figures of between 24 and 157 cases per million people and yearly occurrence rates of 3 to 14 cases per million. Coleman ( 2006)3 suggests a figure of 30 per million. As with many other diseases and abnormalities of the immune system, it seems probable that Wegener's Granulomatosis develops when someone who is already genetically predisposed to the condition is exposed to a particular trigger mechanism, perhaps a bacterial or viral infection The condition has a number of synonymous names:- Klinger's syndrome, Klinger-Wegener syndrome, Wegener-Churg-Klinger syndrome, and Wegener-Klinger syndrome. Also because Wegener is said to have had Nazi connections there has been some inclination to re-name the condition as ANCA associated granulomatous vasculitis. Symptoms result from extreme inflammation which that can affect many different types of body tissues. These include the blood vessels when it is described as vasculitis when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy blood vessels. The inflammation results in a reduction in blood oxygen levels accompanied by a restriction of blood flow to affected organs, which results in a destruction of normal tissue.4 ‘Incomplete’ forms exist that only attack one part of the body.5The condition can result in failure of the kidneys or lungs.6 This condition is considered to the result of an abnormal functioning of the immune system producing an over a response to stimuli. , although there is at present no known cause. 7, but this is not a contagious disease, nor is there any compelling evidence of it being hereditary.     

Should the length of time for prescription drug patents be reduced to Research Paper

Should the length of time for prescription drug patents be reduced to encourage the entry of generic drugs If not, what would - Research Paper Example Industrialized countries usually have a high price of pharmaceuticals, so generic pharmaceuticals are used most frequently. Sales of generic drugs in Canada, the US, the UK, and Denmark is more than 40% of the total pharmaceutical sales (King and Kanvos, 2002). Patients are more likely to choose generic drugs as long as they get reimbursed for newer patented drugs whereas their savings are spent in making choices among the generic drugs. However, generic drugs have been heavily criticized for their substandard manufacturing and poor quality. Apart from the fact that they are not rigorously tested, problem also relates to poor compliance of the manufacturers of generics with the practice guidelines. The cost of general drugs is typically lesser than the branded drugs by 30% to 60% (Lewek and Kardas, 2010). Patients on generic drugs have increased tendency to continue therapy compared to patients who take branded drugs. Generic drugs are spared the expensive clinical trials that are a prerequisite for branded drugs to be approved which makes the quality and safety of general drugs questionable. Some legal loopholes which delayed the approval of generic drugs have been closed by The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (FDA, 2011). This is evident from the fact that the act does not allow for more than a 30-month stay of generic approval when a generic company is sued by an innovator company with respect to patent issues. A stay is delay in the approval of the generic drug which happens when a patent infringement lawsuit is filed by a branded drug company. The purpose of this delay is to allow time to solve issues regarding the infringement of a drug patent by a generic company. The generic drug is not approved by the FDA during the stay. 30-month stays is the limit established in line with the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recommendations (FDA,

In Civil Peace, How Does War Affect Society Essay Example for Free

In Civil Peace, How Does War Affect Society Essay In human history, especially in the ninetieth century and the twentieth century, there were many civil wars in different countries because of political, economic, religious, ethnic, and cultural conflicts, for example, the American Civil War between the United States and several southern slaves states from 1861 to 1865; the Korean Civil War between the Republic of Korea and Democratic people Republic of Korea from 1950 to 1953; the Chinese Civil War between the Republic of China and the Communist Party of China from 1927 to 1950, and the Nigeria Civil War between the Hausas Party and the Igbo Party from 1967 to 1970. Civil wars cause serious poverty and starvation for the people, kill tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians, and bring tragedies to many families. For instance, in the Korean Civil war, more than one million soldiers and civilians were killed, including over 40,000 American soldiers, 511,493 South Korean soldiers and civilians, about 400,000 North Koreans, and over 148,000 Chinese soldiers. Therefore, civil wars affect societies severely. In â€Å"Civil Peace†, the war causes terrible casualties of civilians and soldiers, results in fearful society instability, and destroys tremendous infrastructures and houses. In human history, especially in the ninetieth century and the twentieth century, there were many civil wars in different countries because of political, economic, religious, ethnic, and cultural conflicts, for example, the American Civil War between the United States and several southern slaves states from 1861 to 1865;[1] the Korean Civil War between the Republic of Korea and Democratic people Republic of Korea from 1950 to 1953;[2] the Chinese Civil War between the Republic of China and the Communist Party of China from 1927 to 1950, and the Nigeria Civil War between the Hausas Party and the Igbo Party from 1967 to 1970. 3] Civil wars cause serious poverty and starvation for the people, kill tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians, and bring tragedies to many families. For instance, in the Korean Civil war, more than one million soldiers and civilians were killed, including over 40,000 American soldiers, 511,493 South Korean soldiers and civilians, about 400,000 North Koreans, and over 148,000 Chinese soldiers. [4] Therefore, civil wars affect societies severely. In â€Å"Civil Peace†, the war causes terrible casualties of civilians and soldiers, results in fearful society instability, and destroys tremendous infrastructures and houses. First, most Nigerian civilians live in hunger and malnutrition, but more miserably, tens of thousands soldiers and civilians are killed during the devastating civil war. It is estimated that about 180,000 soldiers and civilians were battle deaths and non-battle deaths. [5] Contrary to Jonathan’s luckiness, such as â€Å"He had come out of war with five inestimable blessing-his head, his wife Maria’s head and the heads of three out of their four children†(Achebe 20), many parents lost all of their children and many other children lost their parents. They all live in extreme grief and sorrow of losing their family members. Furthermore, those children whose parents are dead can hardly survive in the extreme postwar poverty. A lot of people suffer life poverty and spiritual grief. Most important, civil war brings tragedies to many families. These tragedies will affect survivors forever. Secondly, civil war not only results in lots of corporations being closed down and many employees being unemployed, but also brings social instability. For example, most of Jonathan’s fellow ex-miners cannot find jobs. They cook meals that they scrounge together in Bournvita tins. Moreover, because a large number civilian population lacks food and money and they are always in starvation; some civilians are forced to make a living through robbery. These robbers bring people serious fear and pain. In â€Å"Civil Peace†, after Jonathan brings his ex-gratia award back home, a gang of robbers comes and threatens that they will break into the house at night if he doesn’t give them one hundred pounds. â€Å"Jonathan and his family were now completely paralyzed by terror. Maria and the children sobbed inaudibly like lost souls. Jonathan groaned continuously† (Achebe 23). At last, the thieves rob Jonathan twenty pounds. Therefore, the Civil War causes serious social instability and brings civilians more sorrows. Thirdly, in addition to life hardships and spiritual grieves, tremendous infrastructures and houses are destroyed in the war. Many people become destitute and homeless. For example, when Jonathan comes back Enugu, he is astonished to find that â€Å"Only two houses away a huge concrete edifice some wealthy contractor had put up just before the war was a mountain of rubble† (Achebe 22). Some ex-miners are sleeping out of the offices because their houses are ruined in civil war. It is well known that roads, bridges, railways, and rban water and electricity facilities are always heavily destroyed during wars. Civilians suffer starvations during the days and endure cold during the nights because their houses are damaged. Indeed, it is inconceivable how tough conditions people live in during the war. Jonathan is an extra-ordinarily lucky man, but most civilians’ lives are tragic. Without food, houses, money, families and jobs, many people almost collapse into near-madness. Therefore, civil war results in numerous houses and infrastructures ruined. In addition, civil war will severely block postwar national economic development. The governments need to invest lots of money to rebuild ruined national infrastructures. â€Å"Nothing puzzles God† says Jonathan (Achebe 25), but civil wars puzzle everyone. Most Nigeria civilians undergo poverty, homelessness, cold and sadness. Civil wars not only bring extreme poverty and starvation, but also cause severe casualties of soldiers and civilians. Moreover, numerous houses and facilities are terribly ruined. In addition, a lot of factories and corporations are forced to close down. Above all, the civil war contributes to severe social instability, brings families tragedies, and causes people deep sorrows.

Princely Power Essay -- Essays Papers

Princely Power Niccolo Machiavelli's The Prince contains a very unique section entitled "Princely Virtues" in which Machiavelli takes on a how-to approach in regards to becoming a prince. The instructional qualities of the novel lead its reader to create in themselves an image of not the most virtuous, but in Machiavelli's eyes, the most effective prince. In the selections found in chapters 15-26, Machiavelli teaches his intended princely students the necessary political skills that a prince must possess in order to maintain his position on top. Machiavelli paints the illusionary portrait of the perfect prince. The prince must take great pains to keep up this virtuous front in order to maintain command as well as respect of his people. Even if the prince does not have a desired virtue, Machiavelli reasons that he must only appear to have certain virtues, and more importantly know when it is appropriate to display such virtues to benefit himself. The prince is obligated to put on the necessary front in order to disguise himself as the most effective prince in an effort to maintain control. Machiavelli may on the surface seem to argue that a ruler must focus on the positive end and employ whatever means necessary to achieve his desired result, maintaining power and control; however, he only argues this to a point, there are limitations on a prince’s power. Machiavelli begins his section on princely virtues by emphasizing why a prince must in actuality depart from being virtuous or good in order to avoid coming to ruin among other men who are evil; seeming to be good is more important than being so. To emphasize this point, he says: For there is such a difference between the way men live and the way they ought to live, th... ...tudes of men towards those in authority bring about an understanding of sorts, which leads to sympathizing with the deceitfulness of Machiavelli's prince. For a prince to lead men who are inherently evil he must think clearly about his actions, he will fail miserably, if he does not rise above his people's intelligence. Yet, a wise prince will not allow his greedy desires to rule his good judgment. Without a watchful eye, he may stand in the way of attaining his own goals. By Machiavellian logic, even if a prince obtains his goals through employment of what may seem like vices, he must always remember to keep up his good front. He cannot be justified in doing anything he pleases to maintain his power and control. Works Cited Machiavelli, Niccolo. "The Prince" in The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces (ed. Maynard Mack). New York: Norton, 2000. 1488-1497.

Being Eleven :: English Literature Essays

Being Eleven Yep! If you are reading this you’ve probably already conquered the tumultuous eleventh year of your life. However, if you are ancient you have probably forgotten all about being eleven, so here are the advantages and disadvantages. First of all, there are many advantages of being eleven. For instance my parents trust me more. My parents let me stay home alone instead of having a babysitter. They also let me go to movies without them leading me by the hand. My parents don’t act so paranoid about me staying in the yard to play. My next positive thing about being eleven is I can go more places with my friends. For example, I don't have to go to the family skate, I can go to the friday night skate with my friends. My parents can drop us off at the front of the movie theater and we can pick what movie to watch. I can also go to the mall with a group of my friends. My third positive reason is I can choose more sports or activities. For instance, I can play tackle football instead of touch or flag football. I have the choice to play girls basketball or softball. I can also go to the school dances. My final advantage is I have more privileges. I can enter better web sites such as www.bonus.com. I can have my own e-mail address instead of writing mail by hand. My parents let me stay on the phone longer. I can stay on for about an hour instead of thirty minutes. On the other hand, there are several disadvantages of being eleven. For example, I have more chores around the house. When I come home, I always have to do the dishes instead of playing. I also have to do the laundry at night on weekdays and weekends. I have to mow the lawn every time it grows. My next example is I have harsher punishments. When I get in trouble I am either grounded for a week or even two. I also have to do all the chores when I am grounded. Another thing is I can’t go outside, play on the play station or watch television. As another example, I don't get to vote. When election time comes I can’t have a say in who I want to run my country. Being Eleven :: English Literature Essays Being Eleven Yep! If you are reading this you’ve probably already conquered the tumultuous eleventh year of your life. However, if you are ancient you have probably forgotten all about being eleven, so here are the advantages and disadvantages. First of all, there are many advantages of being eleven. For instance my parents trust me more. My parents let me stay home alone instead of having a babysitter. They also let me go to movies without them leading me by the hand. My parents don’t act so paranoid about me staying in the yard to play. My next positive thing about being eleven is I can go more places with my friends. For example, I don't have to go to the family skate, I can go to the friday night skate with my friends. My parents can drop us off at the front of the movie theater and we can pick what movie to watch. I can also go to the mall with a group of my friends. My third positive reason is I can choose more sports or activities. For instance, I can play tackle football instead of touch or flag football. I have the choice to play girls basketball or softball. I can also go to the school dances. My final advantage is I have more privileges. I can enter better web sites such as www.bonus.com. I can have my own e-mail address instead of writing mail by hand. My parents let me stay on the phone longer. I can stay on for about an hour instead of thirty minutes. On the other hand, there are several disadvantages of being eleven. For example, I have more chores around the house. When I come home, I always have to do the dishes instead of playing. I also have to do the laundry at night on weekdays and weekends. I have to mow the lawn every time it grows. My next example is I have harsher punishments. When I get in trouble I am either grounded for a week or even two. I also have to do all the chores when I am grounded. Another thing is I can’t go outside, play on the play station or watch television. As another example, I don't get to vote. When election time comes I can’t have a say in who I want to run my country.